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. ALLEN, ETHAN (1737 1789) " 17Writing became the sole focus of Alger s life, and some earlier sto-ries about city life took their mature form in 1867 with the appear-ance of Ragged Dick.This young waif who struggled on the streetsof New York to make a living captured the hearts of young Americanreaders.Later Alger created a female street urchin, Tattered Tom.Publisher A.K.Loring wrote, In his books he has captured the spiritof reborn America.Above all you can hear the cry of triumph ofthe oppressed over the oppressor. In his books Alger returned again and again to the same theme, buthe was never known as a great American novelist, as was his dreamwhen he first moved to New York.Despite his success with books,Alger continued to write stories and even composed a biography ofJames A.Garfield in 1881.Later in life Alger traveled some in bothEurope and the western United States.Alger has been called the mostpopular boy s writer in American history, with sales in the hundredsof millions.Not known for its literary quality, the writing and itsthemes of poor young boys making a financial success of their livesthrough courage, honesty, character, and luck were enduring symbolsfor America.Alger became especially concerned about the treatmentof children; he supported several during his lifetime and providedjobs for others.He frequented the Newsboy s Lodging House, draw-ing material for his stories and eventually became its chaplain.Hiswritings on childhood exploitation helped to lead to the founding ofthe New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.Hedied on July 18, 1899.ALLEN, ETHAN (1737 1789).The famed leader of the Green Moun-tain Boys was also a radical religious thinker whose views especiallyinfluenced the Universalist leader Hosea Ballou.Allen was born inLitchfield, Connecticut, on January 10, 1737, and fell under the in-fluence of the deist Thomas Young, an itinerant doctor.They both ap-parently worked on a manuscript that Allen later added to and pub-lished as Reason the Only Oracle of Man, or a Compendious Systemof Natural Religion.(1785).Known variously as The Oracles ofReason or Allen s Bible, like many things in Allen s life, the booksparked a controversy.One biographer of Allen says, Here for thefirst time in America was a full-length treatise aimed directly at thedestruction of conventional Christianity, and, for that matter, all other 18 " ALLIANCE OF UNITARIAN WOMEN (AUW)forms of revealed religion. Ezra Stiles called Allen, a profane &impious Deist. Allen acknowledged the truth in this label to even being conscious I am no Christian, except mere infant baptismmakes me one. Allen believed that the finite human mind could notapprehend the infinite God, but that aspects of God were revealed tohuman beings as they correctly interpreted the order of nature.Allen s rebellious frontier spirit that questioned all forms of polit-ical and religious authority was evident in his suspicions of the priestcraft who had invented such falsehoods as original sin and to-tal depravity to keep people in darkness and chains.The undemocra-tic principle that part of humanity received eternal damnation at thehands of God showed a diabolical temper of mind in the elect. Allen was not sure about future rewards and punishments except that they cannot be perpetual or eternal. His optimism that peoplewould be restored to virtue and happiness was a Universalist state-ment that was becoming increasingly popular on the frontiers of NewEngland.Allen believed that the Bible was neither infallible nor amiraculous revelation of God s will.Although Allen s Bible waspoorly written and many copies were lost in a fire, it received a fairlywide readership and helped establish Allen s place in history alongwith his wartime seizure of Fort Ticonderoga.Allen s life was a con-tinuing fight to reject all dogmas that inhibited the growth of humanliberty.He died on February 12, 1789.ALLIANCE OF UNITARIAN WOMEN (AUW).There were manyorganized women s groups on the local level prior to the Civil War.Among these was the Tuckerman Sewing Circle in Boston, organizedin 1827 to assist Joseph Tuckerman in his work with the urban poor.During the war many women were instrumental in the work of theU.S.Sanitary Commission.The Alliance of Unitarian Women(AUW) was officially organized when a constitution was adopted onSeptember 18, 1880, at Saratoga, New York, after two years ofpreparatory work.Known initially as the Women s Auxiliary Confer-ence, its purposes were to provide a parent organization for localchurch women s groups, to promote the organization of such groups,to hold a biennial meeting in conjunction with the National Confer-ence, and to assist in the work of raising money for denominationalpurposes.Within two years, 75 churches had auxiliary branches, with ALLIANCE OF UNITARIAN WOMEN (AUW) " 19the aim that every church would have such a group.In 1881 aWomen s Western Unitarian Conference was formed and in 1890 aPacific Coast Conference.Under its first president, Abby W.May, several important projectswere undertaken by the AUW.The Post Office Mission was an effortto extend knowledge of Unitarianism by responding to inquiries thatcame through public relations efforts.This program sent thousands ofsermons and pamphlets around the world, initially through the effortsof Sallie Ellis in Cincinnati, Ohio.Members also became involved inthe American Unitarian Association s (AUA) Church Building andLoan Fund to help societies build churches.A second program wasthe publication of a monthly magazine, the Cheerful Letter.The pro-gram consisted of sending aid and comfort to isolated individuals, orthose who were physically unable to participate in church life [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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. ALLEN, ETHAN (1737 1789) " 17Writing became the sole focus of Alger s life, and some earlier sto-ries about city life took their mature form in 1867 with the appear-ance of Ragged Dick.This young waif who struggled on the streetsof New York to make a living captured the hearts of young Americanreaders.Later Alger created a female street urchin, Tattered Tom.Publisher A.K.Loring wrote, In his books he has captured the spiritof reborn America.Above all you can hear the cry of triumph ofthe oppressed over the oppressor. In his books Alger returned again and again to the same theme, buthe was never known as a great American novelist, as was his dreamwhen he first moved to New York.Despite his success with books,Alger continued to write stories and even composed a biography ofJames A.Garfield in 1881.Later in life Alger traveled some in bothEurope and the western United States.Alger has been called the mostpopular boy s writer in American history, with sales in the hundredsof millions.Not known for its literary quality, the writing and itsthemes of poor young boys making a financial success of their livesthrough courage, honesty, character, and luck were enduring symbolsfor America.Alger became especially concerned about the treatmentof children; he supported several during his lifetime and providedjobs for others.He frequented the Newsboy s Lodging House, draw-ing material for his stories and eventually became its chaplain.Hiswritings on childhood exploitation helped to lead to the founding ofthe New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children.Hedied on July 18, 1899.ALLEN, ETHAN (1737 1789).The famed leader of the Green Moun-tain Boys was also a radical religious thinker whose views especiallyinfluenced the Universalist leader Hosea Ballou.Allen was born inLitchfield, Connecticut, on January 10, 1737, and fell under the in-fluence of the deist Thomas Young, an itinerant doctor.They both ap-parently worked on a manuscript that Allen later added to and pub-lished as Reason the Only Oracle of Man, or a Compendious Systemof Natural Religion.(1785).Known variously as The Oracles ofReason or Allen s Bible, like many things in Allen s life, the booksparked a controversy.One biographer of Allen says, Here for thefirst time in America was a full-length treatise aimed directly at thedestruction of conventional Christianity, and, for that matter, all other 18 " ALLIANCE OF UNITARIAN WOMEN (AUW)forms of revealed religion. Ezra Stiles called Allen, a profane &impious Deist. Allen acknowledged the truth in this label to even being conscious I am no Christian, except mere infant baptismmakes me one. Allen believed that the finite human mind could notapprehend the infinite God, but that aspects of God were revealed tohuman beings as they correctly interpreted the order of nature.Allen s rebellious frontier spirit that questioned all forms of polit-ical and religious authority was evident in his suspicions of the priestcraft who had invented such falsehoods as original sin and to-tal depravity to keep people in darkness and chains.The undemocra-tic principle that part of humanity received eternal damnation at thehands of God showed a diabolical temper of mind in the elect. Allen was not sure about future rewards and punishments except that they cannot be perpetual or eternal. His optimism that peoplewould be restored to virtue and happiness was a Universalist state-ment that was becoming increasingly popular on the frontiers of NewEngland.Allen believed that the Bible was neither infallible nor amiraculous revelation of God s will.Although Allen s Bible waspoorly written and many copies were lost in a fire, it received a fairlywide readership and helped establish Allen s place in history alongwith his wartime seizure of Fort Ticonderoga.Allen s life was a con-tinuing fight to reject all dogmas that inhibited the growth of humanliberty.He died on February 12, 1789.ALLIANCE OF UNITARIAN WOMEN (AUW).There were manyorganized women s groups on the local level prior to the Civil War.Among these was the Tuckerman Sewing Circle in Boston, organizedin 1827 to assist Joseph Tuckerman in his work with the urban poor.During the war many women were instrumental in the work of theU.S.Sanitary Commission.The Alliance of Unitarian Women(AUW) was officially organized when a constitution was adopted onSeptember 18, 1880, at Saratoga, New York, after two years ofpreparatory work.Known initially as the Women s Auxiliary Confer-ence, its purposes were to provide a parent organization for localchurch women s groups, to promote the organization of such groups,to hold a biennial meeting in conjunction with the National Confer-ence, and to assist in the work of raising money for denominationalpurposes.Within two years, 75 churches had auxiliary branches, with ALLIANCE OF UNITARIAN WOMEN (AUW) " 19the aim that every church would have such a group.In 1881 aWomen s Western Unitarian Conference was formed and in 1890 aPacific Coast Conference.Under its first president, Abby W.May, several important projectswere undertaken by the AUW.The Post Office Mission was an effortto extend knowledge of Unitarianism by responding to inquiries thatcame through public relations efforts.This program sent thousands ofsermons and pamphlets around the world, initially through the effortsof Sallie Ellis in Cincinnati, Ohio.Members also became involved inthe American Unitarian Association s (AUA) Church Building andLoan Fund to help societies build churches.A second program wasthe publication of a monthly magazine, the Cheerful Letter.The pro-gram consisted of sending aid and comfort to isolated individuals, orthose who were physically unable to participate in church life [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]